Building on conservation of resource (COR) theory, we investigated the relationship between workplace incivility and job performance through anxiety. We also explored the mitigating role of psychological capital (PsyCap) in these relationships. Using time-lagged multi-wave and multi-sources (self- and supervisor-reported) data (N = 208) from employees in service sector supported our predictions. Results indicated workplace incivility arouses anxiety, which in turn leads to decline in job performance. PsyCap reduces the harmful effects of incivility such that the relationship between incivility and anxiety is weaker when PsyCap is high, Similarly, the indirect effects of incivility on job performance through anxiety are dampened for those with high PsyCap. We discuss implications and significance of the findings of our study and provide directions for future research."
