Alessandro Biancalani graduated in Physics at Scuola Normale Superiore in Pise, Italy, in 2005, then he entered a PhD program in Applied Physics at the University of Pise (supervisor: Prof. Francesco Pegoraro) in collaboration with ENEA-Frascati, Italy (co-supervisor: Prof. Fulvio Zonca) and University of California of Irvine, USA (co-supervisor: Prof. Liu Chen), defending his PhD thesis in 2010. He also got a Habilitation to Direct the Research (HDR) at the Sorbonne University in Paris, France, in 2019. Before joining the ESILV, he has worked at the Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics in Garching, Germany in collaboration with the Max-Planck Institute for Solar System Research. His main research interests include the theoretical investigation of waves, instabilities, and turbulence in plasmas, in particular in magnetic-confinement fusion experiments. For more infos, please see the personal page: www.biancalani.org.
alessandro.biancalani@devinci.fr
Juvert Njeck Sama; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Daniele Del Sarto; Remi Dumont; Giovanni Di Giannatale; Alain Ghizzo; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Ben McMillan; Alexey Mishchenko; Moahan Muruggapan; Brando Rettino; Baruch Rofman; Francesco Vannini; Laurent Villard; Xin Wang
Ion temperature gradient mode mitigation by energetic particles, mediated by forced-driven zonal flows Article de journal
Dans: Physics Of Plasmas, vol. 31, no. 11, p. 112503, 2024.
@article{sama_3198,
title = {Ion temperature gradient mode mitigation by energetic particles, mediated by forced-driven zonal flows},
author = {Juvert Njeck Sama and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Daniele Del Sarto and Remi Dumont and Giovanni Di Giannatale and Alain Ghizzo and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Ben McMillan and Alexey Mishchenko and Moahan Muruggapan and Brando Rettino and Baruch Rofman and Francesco Vannini and Laurent Villard and Xin Wang},
url = {https://pubs.aip.org/aip/pop/article/31/11/112503/3318596/Ion-temperature-gradient-mode-mitigation-by?searchresult=1},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-11-01},
journal = {Physics Of Plasmas},
volume = {31},
number = {11},
pages = {112503},
abstract = {In this work, we use the global electromagnetic and electrostatic gyro kinetic approaches to investigate the effects of zonal flows forced-driven by Alfvén modes due to their excitation by energetic particles on the dynamics of ITG (ion temperature gradient) instabilities. The equilibrium of the 92416 JET tokamak shot is considered. The linear, nonlinear Alfvén modes, and the zonal flow dynamics are investigated, and their respective radial structures and saturation levels are reported. ITG dynamics in the presence of the zonal flows excited by these Alfvén modes are also investigated. The zonal flows forced-driven by Alfvén modes can significantly impact the ITG dynamics. A zonal flow amplitude scan reveals the existence of an inverse relation between the zonal flow amplitude and the ITG growth rate. These results indicate that forced-driven zonal flows can be an important indirect part of turbulence mitigation due to the injection of energetic particles.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Daniele Del Sarto; Matteo Valerio Falessi; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Brando Rettino; Juvert Njeck Sama; Francesco Vannini; Laurent Villard; Xin Wang; Fulvio Zonca
Nonlinear interaction of Alfvénic instabilities and turbulence via the modification of the equilibrium profiles Article de journal
Dans: Journal Of Plasma Physics, vol. 89, no. 6, p. 905890602, 2023.
@article{biancalani_2738,
title = {Nonlinear interaction of Alfvénic instabilities and turbulence via the modification of the equilibrium profiles},
author = {Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Daniele Del Sarto and Matteo Valerio Falessi and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Brando Rettino and Juvert Njeck Sama and Francesco Vannini and Laurent Villard and Xin Wang and Fulvio Zonca},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022377823001137},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12-01},
journal = {Journal Of Plasma Physics},
volume = {89},
number = {6},
pages = {905890602},
abstract = {Nonlinear simulations of Alfvén modes (AMs) driven by energetic particles (EPs) in
the presence of turbulence are performed with the gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code
ORB5. The AMs carry a heat flux, and consequently they nonlinearly modify the
plasma temperature profiles. The isolated effect of this modification on the dynamics
of turbulence is studied by means of electrostatic simulations. We find that turbulence
is reduced when the profiles relaxed by the AM are used, with respect to the simulation
where the unperturbed profiles are used. This is an example of indirect interaction of
EPs and turbulence. First, an analytic magnetic equilibrium with circular concentric flux
surfaces is considered as a simplified example for this study. Then, an application to an
experimentally relevant case of ASDEX Upgrade is discussed.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brando Rettino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Philipp Lauber; Markus Weiland; Francesco Vannini; Frank Jenko
Gyrokinetic modelling of non-linear interaction of Alfvén waves and EGAMs in ASDEX-Upgrade Article de journal
Dans: Nuclear Fusion, vol. 63, no. 12, p. 126051, 2023.
@article{rettino_2737,
title = {Gyrokinetic modelling of non-linear interaction of Alfvén waves and EGAMs in ASDEX-Upgrade},
author = {Brando Rettino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Philipp Lauber and Markus Weiland and Francesco Vannini and Frank Jenko},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad0506},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-11-01},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
volume = {63},
number = {12},
pages = {126051},
abstract = {Energetic particle (EP) dynamics and excitation of EP driven instabilities is an important topic
of study for the physics of fusion reactors. In this paper we consider EPs injected in the plasma
by neutral beams at high energies to heat it. EP species exist far from thermal equilibrium in the
form of anisotropic non-Maxwellian distribution functions. EP driven modes, such as Alfvén
waves (AWs) and EP driven geodesic acoustic modes (EGAMs), can redistribute EPs in
phase-space and harm confinement. We examine the effects of experimental-like anisotropic EP
distribution functions on the excitation and the non-linear coupling of such instabilities with the
gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code ORB5. The growth rate of EGAMs is found to be sensitively
dependent on the phase-space shape of the distribution function as well as on the non-linear
wave-wave coupling with AWs. Experimental findings are compared with numerical results.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Juvert Njeck Sama; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; I Chavdarovski; Daniele Del Sarto; SAAD BENJELLOUN; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; B Rettino; Francesco Vannini
Effect of temperature anisotropy on the dynamics of geodesic acoustic modes Article de journal
Dans: Journal Of Plasma Physics, vol. 89, no. 1, p. 905890109, 2023.
@article{sama_2301,
title = {Effect of temperature anisotropy on the dynamics of geodesic acoustic modes},
author = {Juvert Njeck Sama and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and I Chavdarovski and Daniele Del Sarto and SAAD BENJELLOUN and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and B Rettino and Francesco Vannini},
url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-plasma-physics/article/abs/effect-of-temperature-anisotropy-on-the-dynamics-of-geodesic-acoustic-modes/B3084D49F9505CDF3AA53221EE074E46},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-08-01},
journal = {Journal Of Plasma Physics},
volume = {89},
number = {1},
pages = {905890109},
abstract = {In this work, we revisit the linear gyro-kinetic theory of geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) and derive a general dispersion relation for an arbitrary equilibrium distribution function of ions. A bi-Maxwellian distribution of ions is then used to study the effects of ion temperature anisotropy on GAM frequency and growth rate. We find that ion temperature anisotropy yields sensible modifications to both the GAM frequency and growth rate as both tend to increase with anisotropy and these results are strongly affected by the electron to ion temperature ratio.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alexey Mishchenko; Alessandro Biancalani; Juvert Njeck Sama; Alberto Bottino; Sergio Briguglio; M Borchardt; Emanuele Poli; Remi Dumont; Jorge Ferreira; J P Graves; Ralf Kleiber; B Rettino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Axel Koenies; Emmanuel Lanti; Philipp Lauber; H Leyh; Zhixin Lu; Hinrich Luetjens; Ben McMillan; Martin Campos Pinto; Baruch Rofman; Christoph Slaby; Francesco Vannini; Laurent Villard; Gregorio Vlad; Xin Wang; Fabien Widmer; Fulvio Zonca
Numerical tools for burning plasmas Article de journal
Dans: Plasma Physics And Controlled Fusion, vol. 65, no. 6, p. 064001, 2023.
@article{mishchenko_2378,
title = {Numerical tools for burning plasmas},
author = {Alexey Mishchenko and Alessandro Biancalani and Juvert Njeck Sama and Alberto Bottino and Sergio Briguglio and M Borchardt and Emanuele Poli and Remi Dumont and Jorge Ferreira and J P Graves and Ralf Kleiber and B Rettino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Axel Koenies and Emmanuel Lanti and Philipp Lauber and H Leyh and Zhixin Lu and Hinrich Luetjens and Ben McMillan and Martin Campos Pinto and Baruch Rofman and Christoph Slaby and Francesco Vannini and Laurent Villard and Gregorio Vlad and Xin Wang and Fabien Widmer and Fulvio Zonca},
url = {https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6587/acce68},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-04-01},
journal = {Plasma Physics And Controlled Fusion},
volume = {65},
number = {6},
pages = {064001},
abstract = {The software stack under development within a European coordinated effort on tools for burning plasma modelling is presented. The project is organised as a Task (TSVV Task 10) under the new E-TASC initiative (Litaudon et al 2022 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion64 034005). This is a continued effort within the EUROfusion inheriting from the earlier European coordination projects as well as research projects based at various European laboratories. The ongoing work of the TSVV Tasks is supported by the Advanced Computing Hubs. Major projects requiring the high performance computing (HPC) resources are global gyrokinetic codes and global hybrid particle-magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) codes. Also applications using the integrated modelling tools, such as the Energetic-Particle Workflow, based on the ITER Integrated Modelling & Analysis Suite (IMAS), or the code package for modelling radio-frequency heating and fast-ion generation may require intensive computation and a substantial memory footprint. The continual development of these codes both on the physics side and on the HPC side allows us to tackle frontier problems, such as the interaction of turbulence with MHD-type modes in the presence of fast particles. One of the important mandated outcomes of the E-TASC project is the IMAS-enabling of EUROfusion codes and release of the software stack to the EUROfusion community.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alberto Bottino; Matteo Valerio Falessi; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Alessandro Biancalani; Sergio Briguglio; R Hatzky; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Emanuele Poli; B Rettino; Francesco Vannini; Xin Wang; Fulvio Zonca
Time evolution and finite element representation of Phase Space Zonal Structures in ORB5 Article de journal
Dans: Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 2397, p. 012019, 2022.
@article{bottino_2298,
title = {Time evolution and finite element representation of Phase Space Zonal Structures in ORB5},
author = {Alberto Bottino and Matteo Valerio Falessi and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Alessandro Biancalani and Sergio Briguglio and R Hatzky and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Emanuele Poli and B Rettino and Francesco Vannini and Xin Wang and Fulvio Zonca},
url = {https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/2397/1/012019},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-12-01},
journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
volume = {2397},
pages = {012019},
abstract = {Phase Space Zonal Structures (PSZSs), obtained by averaging out dependencies on angle-like variables in the energetic particle (EP) distribution function, play a fundamental role in regulating EP transport induced by Alfvén instabilities in burning plasmas, acting as a slowly varying nonlinear equilibrium state. Therefore, they are of great interest for the development of reduced models for the description of EP heat and particle transport on long time scales, comparable with the energy confinement time, for future burning plasma experiments. In this work, we propose an efficient finite element based projection of the time evolution of the PSZS, suited for global particle-in-cell (PIC) gyrokinetic (GK) codes. The resulting algorithm has been implemented in the global GK PIC code ORB5. PSZSs can not only be used for validating reduced models, but also as a diagnostic tool for characterizing the nonlinear interaction in phase space between Alfvén instabilities and EPs in global GK simulations.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Francesco Vannini; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Emanuele Poli; B Rettino; Gregorio Vlad; Xin Wang; ASPEX Upgrade Team
Gyrokinetic modelling of the Alfvén mode and EGAM activity in ASDEX Upgrade Article de journal
Dans: Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 2397, p. 012003, 2022.
@article{vannini_2300,
title = {Gyrokinetic modelling of the Alfvén mode and EGAM activity in ASDEX Upgrade},
author = {Francesco Vannini and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Emanuele Poli and B Rettino and Gregorio Vlad and Xin Wang and ASPEX Upgrade Team},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2397/1/012003},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-12-01},
journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
volume = {2397},
pages = {012003},
abstract = {Energetic particles present in tokamak machines can drive through resonant wave-particle interaction different plasma instabilities, e.g Alfvén modes and energetic particle-driven geodesic acoustic modes (EGAMs). While the former are potentially detrimental as they can enhance the energetic particle transport and damage the machine wall, the latter are axisymmetric, possibly benign modes that can act to regulate turbulence. A unique scenario, the so-called NLED-AUG case, has been developed in ASDEX Upgrade by tuning the plasma parameters so that the energetic particle kinetic energy is 100 times higher than that of the background plasma, like in ITER. An intense energetic particle-driven activity is observed, most prominently various Alfvén mode bursts triggering chirping EGAMs. The present work reports studies on the Alfvén mode and EGAM dynamics showing, for the first time, many toroidal mode gyrokinetic simulations with ORB5 where the NLED-AUG case scenario is considered. We study the mode dynamics modelling the energetic particles with different equilibrium distribution functions, such as: isotropic slowing-down, double-bump-on-tail and equivalent Maxwellian. We retain, at the beginning, the nonlinearities only in the energetic particle dynamics. Later, also the background plasma species nonlinearities are taken into account.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Francesco Vannini; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Emanuele Poli; B Rettino; Gregorio Vlad; Xin Wang; ASPEX Upgrade Team
Gyrokinetic modelling of the Alfvén mode activity in ASDEX Upgrade with an isotropic slowing-down fast-particle distribution Article de journal
Dans: Nuclear Fusion, vol. 62, no. 12, p. 126042, 2022.
@article{vannini_2299,
title = {Gyrokinetic modelling of the Alfvén mode activity in ASDEX Upgrade with an isotropic slowing-down fast-particle distribution},
author = {Francesco Vannini and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Emanuele Poli and B Rettino and Gregorio Vlad and Xin Wang and ASPEX Upgrade Team},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac8b1e},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-11-01},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
volume = {62},
number = {12},
pages = {126042},
abstract = {In the present paper, the evolution of the Alfvén modes (AMs) is studied in a realistic ASDEX Upgrade equilibrium by analyzing the results of simulations with the global, electromagnetic, gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code ORB5. The energetic particles (EPs) are modelled both via the newly implemented isotropic slowing-down and with Maxwellian distribution functions. The comparison of the numerical results shows that modelling the EPs with the equivalent Maxwellian rather than with the slowing-down, does not significantly affect the frequency of the driven AM, while its growth rate appears to be underestimated with a quantitative difference as large as almost 30%. Additionally the choice of the isotropic slowing-down allows a better description of the nonlinear modification of the dominant AM frequency, while an equivalent Maxwellian underestimates it. A good comparison with the experimental spectrogram is found.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Alexey Mishchenko; Alberto Bottino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Emanuele Poli; Xin Wang; C Nührenberg; Alessandro Biancalani; E Lanti; Philipp Lauber; R Hatzky; Francesco Vannini; Laurent Villard; F Widmer; R Keiber
Gyrokinetic particle-in-cell simulations of electromagnetic turbulence in the presence of fast particles and global modes Article de journal
Dans: Plasma Physics And Controlled Fusion, vol. 64, no. 10, p. 104009, 2022.
@article{mishchenko_2296,
title = {Gyrokinetic particle-in-cell simulations of electromagnetic turbulence in the presence of fast particles and global modes},
author = {Alexey Mishchenko and Alberto Bottino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Emanuele Poli and Xin Wang and C Nührenberg and Alessandro Biancalani and E Lanti and Philipp Lauber and R Hatzky and Francesco Vannini and Laurent Villard and F Widmer and R Keiber},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ac8dbc},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
journal = {Plasma Physics And Controlled Fusion},
volume = {64},
number = {10},
pages = {104009},
abstract = {Global simulations of electromagnetic turbulence in circular-flux-surface tokamak and ASDEX-Upgrade geometry, tearing instabilities and their combination with the electromagnetic turbulence, nonlinear Alfvénic modes in the presence of fast particles and their combination with the electromagnetic turbulence and global electromagnetic turbulence in Wendelstein 7-X stellarator geometry are carried out using the gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code ORB5 (Lanti et al 2020 Comp. Phys. Comm. 251 107072) and EUTERPE (Kornilov et al 2004 Phys. Plasmas 11 3196). Computational feasibility of simulating such complex coupled systems is demonstrated. For simplicity, the reduced mass ratio is used throughout the paper.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mohsen Sadr; Alexey Mishchenko; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Axel Koenies; Alberto Bottino; Alessandro Biancalani; Emmanuel Lanti; Laurent Villard
Linear and nonlinear excitation of TAE modes by external electromagnetic perturbations using ORB5 Article de journal
Dans: Plasma Physics And Controlled Fusion, vol. 64, no. 8, p. 085010, 2022.
@article{sadr_2736,
title = {Linear and nonlinear excitation of TAE modes by external electromagnetic perturbations using ORB5},
author = {Mohsen Sadr and Alexey Mishchenko and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Axel Koenies and Alberto Bottino and Alessandro Biancalani and Emmanuel Lanti and Laurent Villard},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ac73eb},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-01},
journal = {Plasma Physics And Controlled Fusion},
volume = {64},
number = {8},
pages = {085010},
abstract = {The excitation of toroidicity-induced Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) using prescribed external
electromagnetic perturbations (hereafter ?antenna') acting on a confined toroidal plasma, as well
as its nonlinear couplings to other modes in the system, is studied. The antenna is described by
an electrostatic potential resembling the target TAE mode structure along with its corresponding
parallel electromagnetic potential computed from Ohm's law. Numerically stable long-time
linear simulations are achieved by integrating the antenna within the framework of a mixed
representation and pullback scheme (Mishchenko et al 2019 Comput. Phys. Commun. 238 194).
By decomposing the plasma electromagnetic potential into symplectic and Hamiltonian parts
and using Ohm's law, the destabilizing contribution of the potential gradient parallel to the
magnetic field is cancelled in the equations of motion. Besides evaluating the frequencies and
the growth/damping rates of excited modes compared to referenced TAEs, we study the
interaction of antenna-driven modes with fast particles and indicate their margins of instability.
Furthermore, we show the first nonlinear simulations in the presence of a TAE-like antenna
exciting other TAE modes, as well as global Alfvén eigenmodes with different toroidal wave
numbers from that of the antenna.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Özgür Gürcan; Johan Anderson; Sara Moradi; Alessandro Biancalani; Pierre Morel
Phase and amplitude evolution in the network of triadic interactions of the Hasegawa-Wakatani system Article de journal
Dans: Physics Of Plasmas, vol. 29, no. 5, p. 052306, 2022.
@article{gurcan_1825,
title = {Phase and amplitude evolution in the network of triadic interactions of the Hasegawa-Wakatani system},
author = {Özgür Gürcan and Johan Anderson and Sara Moradi and Alessandro Biancalani and Pierre Morel},
url = {https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0089073},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-05-01},
journal = {Physics Of Plasmas},
volume = {29},
number = {5},
pages = {052306},
abstract = {The Hasegawa-Wakatani system, commonly used as a toy model of dissipative drift waves in fusion devices, is revisited with considerations
of phase and amplitude dynamics of its triadic interactions. It is observed that a single resonant triad can saturate via three way phase
locking, where the phase differences between dominant modes converge to constant values as individual phases increase in time. This allows
the system to have approximately constant amplitude solutions. Non-resonant triads show similar behavior only when one of its legs is a
zonal wave number. However, when an additional triad, which is a reflection of the original one with respect to the y axis is included, the
behavior of the resulting triad pair is shown to be more complex. In particular, it is found that triads involving small radial wave numbers
(large scale zonal flows) end up transferring their energy to the subdominant mode which keeps growing exponentially, while those involving
larger radial wave numbers (small scale zonal flows) tend to find steady chaotic or limit cycle states (or decay to zero). In order to study the
dynamics in a connected network of triads, a network formulation is considered, including a pump mode, and a number of zonal and non-
zonal subdominant modes as a dynamical system. It was observed that the zonal modes become clearly dominant only when a large number
of triads are connected. When the zonal flow becomes dominant as a ?collective mean field,? individual interactions between modes become
less important, which is consistent with the inhomogeneous wave-kinetic picture. Finally, the results of direct numerical simulation are dis-
cussed for the same parameters, and various forms of the order parameter are computed. It is observed that nonlinear phase dynamics results
in a flattening of the large scale phase velocity as a function of scale in direct numerical simulations.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
B Rettino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; I Chavdarovski; M Weiland; Francesco Vannini; F Jenko; Philipp Lauber
Gyrokinetic modeling of anisotropic energetic particle driven instabilities in tokamak plasmas Article de journal
Dans: Nuclear Fusion, vol. 62, no. 7, p. 076027, 2022.
@article{rettino_2297,
title = {Gyrokinetic modeling of anisotropic energetic particle driven instabilities in tokamak plasmas},
author = {B Rettino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and I Chavdarovski and M Weiland and Francesco Vannini and F Jenko and Philipp Lauber},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac6680},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-05-01},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
volume = {62},
number = {7},
pages = {076027},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gregorio Vlad; Xin Wang; Francesco Vannini; Sergio Briguglio; Nakia Carlevaro; Matteo Valerio Falessi; Giuliana Fogaccia; Valeria Fusco; Fulvio Zonca; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber
A linear benchmark between HYMAGYC, MEGA and ORB5 codes using the NLED-AUG test case to study Alfvénic modes driven by energetic particles Article de journal
Dans: Nuclear Fusion, vol. 61, no. 1, p. 116026, 2021.
@article{vlad_1713,
title = {A linear benchmark between HYMAGYC, MEGA and ORB5 codes using the NLED-AUG test case to study Alfvénic modes driven by energetic particles},
author = {Gregorio Vlad and Xin Wang and Francesco Vannini and Sergio Briguglio and Nakia Carlevaro and Matteo Valerio Falessi and Giuliana Fogaccia and Valeria Fusco and Fulvio Zonca and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac2522},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-11-01},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
volume = {61},
number = {1},
pages = {116026},
abstract = {One of the major challenges in magnetic confinement thermonuclear fusion research concerns
the confinement of the energetic particles (EPs) produced by fusion reactions and/or by
additional heating systems. In such experiments, EPs can resonantly interact with the shear
Alfvén waves. In the frame of the EUROfusion 2019-2020 Enabling Research project
?multi-scale energetic particle transport in fusion devices' (MET), a detailed benchmark
activity has been undertaken among few of the state-of-the-art codes available to study the
self-consistent interaction of an EP population with the shear Alfvén waves. In this paper
linear studies of EP driven modes with toroidal mode number n = 1 will be presented, in real
magnetic equilibria and in regimes of interest for the forthcoming generation devices (e.g.
ITER, JT-60SA, DTT). The codes considered are HYMAGYC, MEGA, and ORB5, the first
two being hybrid MHD-gyrokinetic codes (bulk plasma is represented by MHD equations,
while the EP species is treated using the gyrokinetic formalism), the third being a global
electromagnetic gyrokinetic code. The so-called NLED-AUG reference case has been
considered, both for the peaked on-axis and peaked off-axis EP density profile cases, using its
shaped cross section version. Comparison of the spatial mode structure, growth rate and real
frequency of the modes observed will be considered in detail. The dependence of mode
characteristics when several parameters are varied, as, e.g. the ratio between EP and bulk ion
density and EP temperature, will be presented. A remarkable agreement is observed among the
three codes for the peaked off-axis case, obtaining all of them a TAE localized close to the
magnetic axis. On the other hand, some differences are observed when considering the peaked
on-axis case, where two modes are observed (a TAE localized in the radial external region, and
an RSAE around mid-radius). A careful analysis of the stability of this equilibrium, in
particular by varying self-consistently the EP drive, will allow to reconcile the results of the
three codes.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Francesco Vannini; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Ivan Novikau; Emanuele Poli
Gyrokinetic investigation of the damping channels Alfven modes in ASDEX Upgrade Article de journal
Dans: Physics Of Plasmas, vol. 27, no. 4, p. 042501, 2020.
@article{vannini_2790,
title = {Gyrokinetic investigation of the damping channels Alfven modes in ASDEX Upgrade},
author = {Francesco Vannini and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Ivan Novikau and Emanuele Poli},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5134979},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-04-01},
journal = {Physics Of Plasmas},
volume = {27},
number = {4},
pages = {042501},
abstract = {The linear destabilization and nonlinear saturation of energetic-particle driven Alfv enic instabilities in tokamaks strongly depend on the
damping channels. In this work, the collisionless damping mechanisms of Alfv enic modes are investigated within a gyrokinetic framework
by means of global simulations with the particle-in-cell code ORB5 and compared with the eigenvalue code LIGKA and reduced models. In
particular, the continuum damping and the Landau damping (of ions and electrons) are considered. The electron Landau damping is found
to be dominant compared to the ion Landau damping for experimentally relevant cases. As an application, the linear and nonlinear dynamics
of toroidicity induced Alfv en eigenmodes and energetic-particle driven modes in ASDEX Upgrade is investigated theoretically and compared
with experimental measurements.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Philipp Lauber; Matteo Valerio Falessi; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Sergio Briguglio; Nakia Carlevaro; Valeria Fusco; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Florian Holderied; Axel Koenies; Yang Li; Yueyan Li; Guo Meng; Milovanov Alexander; V.-Alin Popa; Stefan Possanner; Gregorio Vlad; Xin Wang; Markus Weiland; Alessandro Zocco; Fulvio Zonca
Advanced transport models for energetic particles Conférence
20th European Fusion Theory Conference, Padova, Italie, 2023.
@conference{lauber_2757,
title = {Advanced transport models for energetic particles},
author = {Philipp Lauber and Matteo Valerio Falessi and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Sergio Briguglio and Nakia Carlevaro and Valeria Fusco and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Florian Holderied and Axel Koenies and Yang Li and Yueyan Li and Guo Meng and Milovanov Alexander and V.-Alin Popa and Stefan Possanner and Gregorio Vlad and Xin Wang and Markus Weiland and Alessandro Zocco and Fulvio Zonca},
url = {https://indico.cern.ch/event/1239458/},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-01},
booktitle = {20th European Fusion Theory Conference},
address = {Padova, Italie},
abstract = {In addition to increasingly realistic non-linear global simulations [1, 2, 3], a hierarchy of theory-based re-
duced models is needed to complement the predictions concerning the performance of future burning plas-
mas. Large parameter scans, sensitivity studies and multi-scale physics connecting energetic particle trans-
port with neoclassical (transport) time scales require tools that go beyond what is presently feasible with
first-principles numerical codes. In the view of this challenge we report in this work on the construction,
validation and application of reduced energetic particle (EP) transport models pursued within the framework
of the EUROFusion enabling research project ATEP (Advanced Transport models for EPs).
The general theoretical framework introduces the concept of long-lived toroidally symmetric structures in the
particle phase space (phase space zonal structures, PSZS) that are separated from fast fluctuating contribu-
tions [4, 5]. Comprehensive transport equations have been derived that are designed to capture the evolution
of PSZSs on collisional transport time scales while keeping the important non-linear interactions in a con-
sistent multi-scale description. The model captures physics beyond simpler models (critical gradient, kick
model, quasi-linear) that, however, can be recovered in the appropriate limits. A generalisation of the theory
to stellarator geometry has been started [6]. The DAEPS code [7] and the EP-stability workflow (EP-WF)
[8] based on the code chain HELENA-LIGKA-HAGIS [9, 10, 11] deliver the necessary input for the PSZS
transport equations, i.e. the orbit-and zonally-averaged response for a selected set of markers to a prescribed
set of Alfv?enic perturbations. In addition, neoclassical transport coefficients [12] for the same set of mark-
ers, and general EP distribution functions as calculated by various heating workflows[13] are provided via
standardised IMAS interfaces. The transport equation is then consistently evolved, or EP diffusion coef-
ficients are evaluated for the use in standard transport codes. In addition, a 1d reduced model based on
the beam-plasma bump-on-tail paradigm that is designed to go beyond the quasi-linear approximation and
thus forecast possible EP transport transitions such as avalanching has been successfully compared to the
LIGKA/HAGIS model. The formulation of the models allows one to carry out detailed analyses of transport
scaling laws (diffusive/non-diffusive) for both Alfvenic gap and energetic particle modes using Lagrangian
coherent structures (LCS) [16, 17]. The verification of the reduced models is carried out via comparison
to numerical codes in the appropriate limits (HYMAGYC, (X)HMGC, STRUPHY, ORB5, HAGIS/LIGKA
[14]). To that end, the implementation of PSZS diagnostics in the various codes [18, 19] provides a natural
connection point for benchmarking with the reduced models. Several time-dependent scenarios from present-
day and future experiments (in particular AUG, JT-60SA, TCV, DTT, JET,ITER) have been collected and are
being analysed.
In summary, the PSZS transport theory and the LIGKA-HAGIS workflow ATEP provide a new and promis-
ing approach to address the challenge of describing EP transport in fusion plasmas. With their ability to
capture multi-scale physics, account for non-linear interactions, and forecast transport transitions, these re-
duced models have significant potential to enhance our understanding of EP transport.},
note = {https://indico.cern.ch/event/1239458/contributions/5513773/
2-5 oct. 2023
20th European Fusion Theory Conference},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Alessandro Biancalani
Interaction of Alfvén modes and turbulence via zonal structures Conférence
14th West-Lake Symposium, Hangzhou, Chine, 2023.
@conference{biancalani_2766,
title = {Interaction of Alfvén modes and turbulence via zonal structures},
author = {Alessandro Biancalani},
url = {http://ifts.zju.edu.cn/about/?153.html?lg=en},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-01},
booktitle = {14th West-Lake Symposium},
address = {Hangzhou, Chine},
abstract = {Radial temperature and density
gradients in tokamaks drive
microinstabilities.
Nonlinear coupling leads to
turbulence states, in the presence of
zonal flows (ZFs) [Hasegawa-79] .
Turbulence carries heat fluxes,
modifying the equilibrium temperature
profiles ? bad for confinement
Turbulence in tokamak core relatively well understood: gyrokinetic
(GK) simulations have made remarkable progress, including
collisions, impurities, EM, global, etc (edge still challenging)
GK model mostsly used in the past to study either turbulence or
global instabilities separately, due to technological limits},
note = {2023-09-09},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Juvert Njeck Sama; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Daniele Del Sarto; Giovanni Di Giannatale; Alain Ghizzo; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Moahan Muruggapan; Brando Rettino; Baruch Rofman; Francesco Vannini; Laurent Villard; Xin Wang
27th Joint EU-US Transport Task Force Meeting, Nancy, France, 2023.
@conference{sama_2784,
title = {Ion temperature gradient mode mitigation by energetic particles, mediated by forced-driven zonal flows},
author = {Juvert Njeck Sama and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Daniele Del Sarto and Giovanni Di Giannatale and Alain Ghizzo and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Moahan Muruggapan and Brando Rettino and Baruch Rofman and Francesco Vannini and Laurent Villard and Xin Wang},
url = {https://ttf2023.sciencesconf.org/},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-01},
booktitle = {27th Joint EU-US Transport Task Force Meeting},
address = {Nancy, France},
abstract = {Heat and particle transport due to drift wave turbulence is of concern to fusion plasma
reactors due to its ability to deteriorate plasma confinement. Temperature gradient driven
modes like the ion temperature gradient modes (ITG) [1] are the most common drift waves
present in tokamaks. The major saturation mechanism of ITG modes is believed to be their
spontaneous non-linear excitation of zonal flows [2]. Recently, global electromagnetic
simulations with the gyro-kinetic particle-in-cell code ORB5 [3] have been performed, where
the self-consistent interaction of ITG turbulence, zonal flows, and Alfven modes has been
studied. As a result, it was conjectured that zonal flows forced-driven by Alfven instabilities
might be used to reduce the level of ITG turbulence [4]. This would represent an indirect way
of interaction of energetic particles (driving Alfven modes unstable) and turbulence.
In this work, we investigate the effects of force driven zonal flows on ITG modes by
isolating this mechanism in the self consistent nonlinear simulations and prove that it is
indeed effective. To this aim, the amplitude and radial structure of the forced-driven zonal
flows are measured and imposed on electrostatic ITG simulations. Imposing this self-
consistent zonal flow leads to a significant mitigation of the ITG instability, which induces a
significant drop of the ITG growth rates. A scan of the zonal flow amplitude shows an
inverse relation between the ITG growth rate and the zonal flow amplitude.},
note = {https://ttf2023.sciencesconf.org/data/pages/Bookletwcover.pdf
11-15 Sep 2023},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Pascal Clain; Insaf Khelladi; Christophe Rodrigues; Alessandro Biancalani; Guillaume Guérard; Saeedeh Rezaee Vessal
Increase Social Acceptability of Nuclear Fusion, Agrivoltaics, and Offshore Wind Through National Support Programmes Book Section
Dans: A. Crowther, Foulds (Ed.): Strengthening European Energy Policy: Governance Recommendations From Innovative Interdisciplinary Collaborations, p. pp. 101-113, Palgrave Macmillan, 2024, ISBN: 978-3-031-66481-6.
@incollection{clain_3168,
title = {Increase Social Acceptability of Nuclear Fusion, Agrivoltaics, and Offshore Wind Through National Support Programmes},
author = {Pascal Clain and Insaf Khelladi and Christophe Rodrigues and Alessandro Biancalani and Guillaume Guérard and Saeedeh Rezaee Vessal},
editor = {Crowther, A., Foulds, C., Robison, R., Gladkykh, G. (eds)},
url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-66481-6_8},
issn = {978-3-031-66481-6},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-01},
booktitle = {Strengthening European Energy Policy: Governance Recommendations From Innovative Interdisciplinary Collaborations},
pages = {pp. 101-113},
publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
abstract = {Policy Highlights - To achieve the recommendation stated in the chapter title, we propose the following:
- Facilitate the establishment of observatories to monitor social acceptability of low-carbon energy technologies at the EU and national levels.
- Offer technical assistance to help Member States incorporate social acceptability factors into their energy transition strategies.
- Develop training programmes to integrate social acceptability factors into the design of low-carbon energy projects from the start.
- Assist countries in managing and resolving disputes and interactions regarding different low-carbon energy technologies.
- Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) collaborative recommendations can ensure policies are informed by a nuanced understanding of technical and social structures, making them more practical and widely accepted.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Brando Rettino; Francesco Vannini; Xin Wang; Juvert Njeck Sama; Daniele Del Sarto; Alexey Mishchenko; Baruch Rofman; Laurent Villard; Matteo Valerio Falessi; Gregorio Vlad; Fulvio Zonca; Remi Dumont; Ben McMillan
Effect of zonal structures excited by Alfven modes, on turbulence Proceedings Article
Dans: 29th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference, London, England, 2023, ISBN: https://conferences.iaea.org/event/316/contributio.
@inproceedings{biancalani_2781,
title = {Effect of zonal structures excited by Alfven modes, on turbulence},
author = {Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Brando Rettino and Francesco Vannini and Xin Wang and Juvert Njeck Sama and Daniele Del Sarto and Alexey Mishchenko and Baruch Rofman and Laurent Villard and Matteo Valerio Falessi and Gregorio Vlad and Fulvio Zonca and Remi Dumont and Ben McMillan},
url = {https://www.iaea.org/events/fec2023},
issn = {https://conferences.iaea.org/event/316/contributio},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-01},
booktitle = {29th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference},
address = {London, England},
abstract = {Tokamak plasmas often present turbulence due to the spatial gradients of density and temperature. Alfven modes (AMs) are also present, driven unstable by the energetic particle (EP) population. Both turbulence and AMs can generate zonal, i.e. axisymmetric, structures, via nonlinear interaction. The interaction of turbulence, AMs and EPs is intrinsically a multiscale problem [1,2,3].
In this work, we investigate the dynamics of zonal structures with the global gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code ORB5 [4]. Three examples of zonal structures are studied. Firstly, we show how zonal radial electric fields, force-driven by AMs [5,6], can affect the growth of ITGs [7], demonstrating the mechanism of turbulence reduction proposed in Ref. [1]. Secondly, we show how AMs can modify the equilibrium density and temperature profiles, thus affecting the turbulence drive [8]. Thirdly, we investigate the dynamics of phase space zonal structure (PSZS), obtained by averaging out dependencies on angle-like variables in the EP distribution function [9,10]. In particular, we study the excitation of PSZS by AMs, and compare with the PSZS observed in simulations where both AMs and turbulence are present.},
note = {pwd: #Fusion23},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Xin Wang; Alberto Bottino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Sergio Briguglio; Matteo Valerio Falessi; Fulvio Zonca; Alessandro Biancalani; Juvert Njeck Sama; Baruch Rofman; Laurent Villard
First principe gyrokinetic simulations of frequency chirping Alfven modes in fusion plasmas Proceedings Article
Dans: 29th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference, London, England, 2023, ISBN: https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/23/10/cn-.
@inproceedings{wang_2783,
title = {First principe gyrokinetic simulations of frequency chirping Alfven modes in fusion plasmas},
author = {Xin Wang and Alberto Bottino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Sergio Briguglio and Matteo Valerio Falessi and Fulvio Zonca and Alessandro Biancalani and Juvert Njeck Sama and Baruch Rofman and Laurent Villard},
url = {https://www.iaea.org/events/fec2023},
issn = {https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/23/10/cn-},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-01},
booktitle = {29th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference},
address = {London, England},
abstract = {Frequency chirping of Alfvén modes, a phenomenon observed in tokamak fusion plasmas driven by energetic particles,
can lead to significant losses of energetic particles. In this study, we employ the global gyrokinetic code ORB5 [Comp. Phys.
Comm., 251, 107072, 2020] to explore the nonlinear dynamics of non-adiabatic frequency-chirping energetic particle modes.
Our findings reveal non-perturbative characteristics of energetic particle modes that arise due to the presence of energetic
particles. Building on results from a recent study [Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion, 65, 074001, 2023], which demonstrated
that, given a fixed equilibrium and a single toroidal mode number, the frequency chirping rate is linearly proportional to the
mode saturation amplitude (as predicted by theory [Rev. Mod. Phys., 20, 015008, 2016]), we introduce new physics to further
investigate the Alfvén mode chirping mechanism. Our study indicates that zonal flow plays an important role in modulating
chirping behavior. When only the zonal flow component is included in single-n simulations, it appears that the zonal flow is
forced driven by the Alfvén mode, resulting in a reduced amplitude level in the nonlinear stage and consequently, a decreased
chirping rate. Additionally, we conducted simulations in two distinct cases: one involving a range of toroidal mode numbers
from 0 to 6, and another from 0 to 40. Comparisons were made between scenarios with and without zonal flow in each case.
Our results show that the inclusion of zonal flow suppresses frequency chirping.},
note = {pwd: #Fusion23},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Gregorio Vlad; Xin Wang; Francesco Vannini; Hinrich Luetjens; Sergio Briguglio; Nakia Carlevaro; Matteo Valerio Falessi; Giuliana Fogaccia; Valeria Fusco; Fulvio Zonca; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Baruch Rofman; Laurent Villard
Nonlinear benchmark between HYMAGYC, MEGA. ORB5 and XTOR-K codes using the NLED-AUG test case to study Alfvénic modes driven by energetic particles Proceedings Article
Dans: 29th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference, Londres, Angleterre, 2023, ISBN: https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/23/10/cn-.
@inproceedings{vlad_2782,
title = {Nonlinear benchmark between HYMAGYC, MEGA. ORB5 and XTOR-K codes using the NLED-AUG test case to study Alfvénic modes driven by energetic particles},
author = {Gregorio Vlad and Xin Wang and Francesco Vannini and Hinrich Luetjens and Sergio Briguglio and Nakia Carlevaro and Matteo Valerio Falessi and Giuliana Fogaccia and Valeria Fusco and Fulvio Zonca and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Baruch Rofman and Laurent Villard},
url = {https://www.iaea.org/events/fec2023},
issn = {https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/23/10/cn-},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-01},
booktitle = {29th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference},
address = {Londres, Angleterre},
abstract = {The results of a non-linear benchmark are presented, undertaken among few of the state-of-the-art codes available to
study the self-consistent interaction of an Energetic Particle (EP) population with shear Alfvén waves: HYMAGYC, MEGA,
ORB5 and XTOR-K. The first two codes, HYMAGYC and MEGA, are hybrid MHD-Gyrokinetic codes (bulk plasma is repre-
sented by MHD equations, while the EP species is treated using the gyrokinetic formalism); ORB5 is a global electromagnetic
gyrokinetic code (both bulk and EP species are treated using the gyrokinetic formalism); XTOR-K is a non-linear kinetic-MHD
code (the bulk plasma is described by a set of non-linear resistive two-fluid MHD equations, extended to include kinetic effects
of multiple ion species with a fully kinetic PIC module). The equilibrium of the so-called NLED-AUG reference case, in
its version with peaked off-axis EP density profile, has been used, while considering a n = ?1 perturbation. This non-linear
benchmark is the natural continuation of the linear benchmark already considered in the recent past. Characteristics of the non-
linear saturation of the mode, self-consistent modification to the EP density profile and other features are compared among the
considered codes.},
note = {16-21 October 2023},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Juvert Njeck Sama; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Daniele Del Sarto; Giovanni Di Giannatale; Alain Ghizzo; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Moahan Muruggapan; Brando Rettino; Baruch Rofman; Francesco Vannini; Laurent Villard; Xin Wang
Ion temperature gradient mode mitigation by energetic particles, mediated by forced-driven zonal flows Proceedings Article
Dans: Europhysics Conference Abstracts, O4.104, Bordeaux, France, 2023, ISBN: https://epsplasma2023.eu/.
@inproceedings{sama_2765,
title = {Ion temperature gradient mode mitigation by energetic particles, mediated by forced-driven zonal flows},
author = {Juvert Njeck Sama and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Daniele Del Sarto and Giovanni Di Giannatale and Alain Ghizzo and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Moahan Muruggapan and Brando Rettino and Baruch Rofman and Francesco Vannini and Laurent Villard and Xin Wang},
url = {https://epsplasma2023.eu/},
issn = {https://epsplasma2023.eu/},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-07-01},
booktitle = {Europhysics Conference Abstracts, O4.104},
address = {Bordeaux, France},
abstract = {Drift wave turbulence and its associated heat and particle transport have been intensively
studied due to the role they play in deteriorating plasma confinement, which is a concern for
future fusion plasma reactors. The ion-temperature gradient modes (ITG) [1] are drift waves
driven unstable by the ion-temperature gradient. The spontaneous non-linear excitation of
zonal flows by ITG modes [2], is believed to be one of their major saturation mechanisms.
Recently, global simulations with the gyro-kinetic particle-in-cell code ORB5 [3] have been
performed, where the self-consistent interaction of ITG turbulence, zonal flows, and Alfven
modes has been studied. As a result, it has been conjectured that zonal flows forced-driven
by Alfven instabilities might be used to reduce the level of ITG turbulence [4]. This would
represent an indirect way of interaction of energetic particles (driving Alfven modes unstable)
and turbulence.
In this work, we isolate this mechanism in the self-consistent nonlinear simulations and
prove that it is indeed effective. To this aim, we measure the amplitude and radial structure
of the forced-driven zonal flows and we impose them on electrostatic ITG simulations.
Imposing this self-consistent zonal flow leads to a significant mitigation of the ITG instability,
which induces a significant drop of the ITG growth rates. A scan of the zonal flow amplitude
shows an inverse relation between the ITG growth rate and the zonal flow amplitude (figure
1 a)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Alberto Bottino; Matteo Valerio Falessi; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Alessandro Biancalani; Sergio Briguglio; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Emanuele Poli; Brando Rettino; Xin Wang; Fulvio Zonca
Time evolution and finite element representation of phase space zonal structures in ORB5 Proceedings Article
Dans: Europhysics Conference Abstracts, Bordeaux, France, 2023, ISBN: https://epsplasma2023.eu/.
@inproceedings{bottino_2763,
title = {Time evolution and finite element representation of phase space zonal structures in ORB5},
author = {Alberto Bottino and Matteo Valerio Falessi and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Alessandro Biancalani and Sergio Briguglio and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Emanuele Poli and Brando Rettino and Xin Wang and Fulvio Zonca},
url = {https://epsplasma2023.eu/},
issn = {https://epsplasma2023.eu/},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-07-01},
booktitle = {Europhysics Conference Abstracts},
address = {Bordeaux, France},
abstract = {Phase space zonal structures (PSZS), obtained by averaging out dependencies on
angle-like variables in the energetic particle (EP) distribution function, play a fundamental role
in regulating EP transport induced by Alfvén instabilities in burning plasmas [1, 2], acting
as a slowly varying nonlinear equilibrium state. Therefore, they are of great interest for the
development of reduced models for the description of EP heat and particle transport on long time
scales, comparable with the energy confinement time, for future burning plasma experiments.
The information provided by the finite element projection of the distribution function could also
be used for significantly improving the quality of ?f PIC simulations, by adjusting and updating
the plasma reference state (background distribution function), during the nonlinear evolution
of the system, consistently with PSZS dynamics. In this work, we discuss the implementation
of a PSZS based background distribution function in the global gyrokinetic code ORB5 [3], in
experimentally relevant conditions.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Brando Rettino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Philipp Lauber; Markus Weiland; Francesco Vannini; Frank Jenko
Gyrokinetic investigation of linear and non-linear excitation of energetic particle driven instabilities in ASDEX Upgrade with realistic distribution functions Proceedings Article
Dans: Europhysics Conference Abstracts, Bordeaux, France, 2023, ISBN: https://epsplasma2023.eu/.
@inproceedings{rettino_2764,
title = {Gyrokinetic investigation of linear and non-linear excitation of energetic particle driven instabilities in ASDEX Upgrade with realistic distribution functions},
author = {Brando Rettino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Philipp Lauber and Markus Weiland and Francesco Vannini and Frank Jenko},
url = {https://epsplasma2023.eu/},
issn = {https://epsplasma2023.eu/},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-07-01},
booktitle = {Europhysics Conference Abstracts},
address = {Bordeaux, France},
abstract = {Excitation of Alfvén Waves (AW) and Geodesic Acoustic Modes (GAM) by
energetic particles (EPs) is an important topic of study for the physics of fusion
reactors. In tokamaks, ions are injected with high energies to heat the plasma.
These energetic particles are very weakly collisional and exist far from thermal
equilibrium. We examine the effects of experimental-like anisotropic in velocity
distribution functions of EPs on the excitation of such instabilities with the
gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code ORB5. The growth rate of GAMs is found to
be sensitively dependent on the phase-space shape of the distribution function
as well as on the non-linear wave-wave coupling with AWs.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Francesco Vannini; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Emanuele Poli; Brando Rettino; Gregorio Vlad; Xin Wang
Gyrokinetic modelling of the Alfvén mode and EGAM activity in ASDEX Upgrade Proceedings Article
Dans: Special Issue on the 2022 Joint Varenna-Lausanne International Workshop on the Theory of Fusion Plasmas, Varenna, Italie, 2022, ISBN: https://iopscience.iop.org/collections/0741-3335_2.
@inproceedings{vannini_2755,
title = {Gyrokinetic modelling of the Alfvén mode and EGAM activity in ASDEX Upgrade},
author = {Francesco Vannini and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Emanuele Poli and Brando Rettino and Gregorio Vlad and Xin Wang},
url = {https://www.icpc.it/theory/theory-of-fusion-plasmas-2022/},
issn = {https://iopscience.iop.org/collections/0741-3335_2},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
booktitle = {Special Issue on the 2022 Joint Varenna-Lausanne International Workshop on the Theory of Fusion Plasmas},
address = {Varenna, Italie},
abstract = {Energetic particles (EPs) can drive plasma instabilities, Characterization of the driven AMs.
e.g. Alfvén modes (AMs) but also energetic particle EPs modelled via EM.
driven geodesic acoustic modes (EGAMs). The former can enhance the EP transport while the latter can regulate/suppress the turbulent transport.
In view of building ITER/DEMO it is important to be able to predict the EP-driven dynamics. In this regard, a unique ASDEX Upgrade scenario, the so-called ?NLED-AUG case? [1], has been developed. New studies conducted taking into account the NLED-AUG case are here presented.},
note = {12-16/09/2022},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Xin Wang; Sergio Briguglio; Claudio Di Troia; Giuliana Fogaccia; Valeria Fusco; Gregorio Vlad; Fulvio Zonca; Alexey Mishchenko; Alberto Bottino; Alessandro Biancalani; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Francesco Vannini; Laurent Villard
Nonlinear dynamics of nonadiabatic chirping-frequency Alfvén modes in Tokamak plasmas Proceedings Article
Dans: Special Issue on the 2022 Joint Varenna-Lausanne International Workshop on the Theory of Fusion Plasmas, Varenna, Italie, 2022, ISBN: https://iopscience.iop.org/collections/0741-3335_2.
@inproceedings{wang_2756,
title = {Nonlinear dynamics of nonadiabatic chirping-frequency Alfvén modes in Tokamak plasmas},
author = {Xin Wang and Sergio Briguglio and Claudio Di Troia and Giuliana Fogaccia and Valeria Fusco and Gregorio Vlad and Fulvio Zonca and Alexey Mishchenko and Alberto Bottino and Alessandro Biancalani and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Francesco Vannini and Laurent Villard},
url = {https://www.icpc.it/theory/theory-of-fusion-plasmas-2022/},
issn = {https://iopscience.iop.org/collections/0741-3335_2},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
booktitle = {Special Issue on the 2022 Joint Varenna-Lausanne International Workshop on the Theory of Fusion Plasmas},
address = {Varenna, Italie},
abstract = {Frequency chirping is a common phenomenon in both space and laboratory
plasmas. Chirping Alfvén modes are thought to be detrimental to the confinement of
energetic particles (EPs) in a burning Tokamak plasma and enhancing EP transport.
The nonlinear dynamics of this chirping behaviour has been one of the long-studied
physics problems for decades. For weakly-driven modes near marginal stability, this
phenomenon has been explained based on a 1-D bump-on-tail model with sources and
sinks, which predicts an adiabatic chirping; that is, a chirping characterised by a
frequency variation, in the bounce time of wave-trapped particles, much smaller than
their bounce frequency. A more general model has been developed by Zonca and co-
workers without time scale separation between nonlinear mode evolution and phase
space transport. In the weak drive regime, it reproduces the Berk-Breizman paradigm.
In the opposite limit, in which energetic particle effects have a non-perturbative
character, it predicts a nonlinear dynamic characterised by phase-locking and non-
adiabatic frequency chirping, indeed observed in both laboratory and space plasmas.
In this work, the nonlinear evolution of a single-toroidal-number chirping mode is
analysed by means of numerical simulations. Both hybrid MHD-gyrokinetic
simulations by XHMGC and fully gyrokinetic simulations by ORB5 show that such a
mode can chirp in a wide frequency range along the shear Alfvén continuum. It is
worth mentioning that frequency-chirping studies, by means of the fully gyrokinetic
simulations, offer the possibility to study such nonlinear behaviors of all plasma
species with fully self-consistent kinetic dynamics. In addition, the Hamiltonian-
mapping test particle approach is used to investigate the phase space dynamics.
Nonadiabatic frequency chirping dynamics, such as the mode saturation scaling, the
density flattening, the broadening of the resonance region, the self-consistent modified
mode radial structure, and the trapping-detrapping process of the resonant particles
will be discussed in detail.},
note = {12 - 16 septembre 2022
Conférence Theory of Fusion Plasmas 2022},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Matteo Valerio Falessi; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Philipp Lauber; Alexey Mishchenko; Francesco Vannini; Laurent Villard; Fulvio Zonca
Interaction of Alfvénic modes and turbulence via the nonlinear modification of the equilibrium profiles Proceedings Article
Dans: Europhysics Conference Abstracts, P5b.117, online, 2022, ISBN: 979-10-96389-16-2.
@inproceedings{biancalani_2217,
title = {Interaction of Alfvénic modes and turbulence via the nonlinear modification of the equilibrium profiles},
author = {Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Matteo Valerio Falessi and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Philipp Lauber and Alexey Mishchenko and Francesco Vannini and Laurent Villard and Fulvio Zonca},
url = {http://ocs.ciemat.es/EPS2022PAP/html/author.html},
issn = {979-10-96389-16-2},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-01},
booktitle = {Europhysics Conference Abstracts, P5b.117},
address = {online},
abstract = {A key step towards the achievement of controlled nuclear fusion in magnetic confinement
devices is the mitigation of turbulence. Turbulent tokamak plasmas are intrinsically multiscale
systems. Microturbulence generates meso-scale zonal flows. Additionally, energetic particles
drive Alfvénic modes (AM) unstable, on meso- or macro-scales, and zonal structures.
In this work, we investigate the possible interaction of AMs and turbulence via the evolution
of the equilibrium profiles. Turbulence is known to strongly depend on the gradients of the
equilibrium profiles, for example plasma density and temperature. AMs can nonlinearly modify
the equilibrium profiles [1, 2, 3], and therefore affect turbulence. Viceversa, with the same
mechanism, turbulence can affect the AM dynamics.
We present results obtained by means of global gyrokinetic simulations with the particle-in-
cell code ORB5 [4]. In recent simulations with ORB5, AMs have been shown to carry substan-
tial heat and particle fluxes [5, 6]. Here, we extend that analysis by showing how the profile
modification due to those fluxes can affect turbulence.
References
[1] L. Chen and F. Zonca, Rev. Mod. Phys. 88, 015008 (2016)
[2] M. V. Falessi and F. Zonca, Phys. Plasmas 26, 022305 (2019)
[3] F. Zonca, L. Chen, M. V. Falessi and Z. Qiu, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1785, 012005 (2021)
[4] E. Lanti, et al, Comp. Phys. Commun. 251, 107072 (2020)
[5] A. Biancalani, A. Bottino, P. Lauber, A. Mishchenko and F. Vannini, J. Plasma Phys. 86, 825860301A (2020)
[6] A. Biancalani, et al, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 63, 065009 (2021)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Brando Rettino; Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Alessandro Biancalani; Alberto Bottino; Philipp Lauber; Ilija Chavdarovski; Markus Weiland; Francesco Vannini; Frank Jenko
Gyrokinetic modelling of anisotropic energetic particle driven instabilities in tokamak plasmas Proceedings Article
Dans: Europhysics Conference Abstracts, P1a.112, online, 2022, ISBN: 979-10-96389-16-2.
@inproceedings{rettino_2753,
title = {Gyrokinetic modelling of anisotropic energetic particle driven instabilities in tokamak plasmas},
author = {Brando Rettino and Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Alessandro Biancalani and Alberto Bottino and Philipp Lauber and Ilija Chavdarovski and Markus Weiland and Francesco Vannini and Frank Jenko},
url = {http://ocs.ciemat.es/EPS2022PAP/html/author.html},
issn = {979-10-96389-16-2},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-01},
booktitle = {Europhysics Conference Abstracts, P1a.112},
address = {online},
abstract = {Energetic particles produced by neutral beams are observed to excite
energetic-particle-driven geodesic acoustic modes (EGAMs) in tokamaks.
We study the effects of anisotropy of distribution function of the energetic
particles on the excitation of such instabilities with ORB5, a gyrokinetic
particle-in-cell code. Numerical results are shown for linear electrostatic
simulations with ORB5. The growth rate is found to be sensitively depen-
dent on the phase-space shape of the distribution function. The behavior
of the instability is qualitatively compared to the theoretical analysis of
dispersion relations. Realistic neutral beam energetic particle anisotropic
distributions are obtained from the heating solver RABBIT and are intro-
duced into ORB5 as input distribution function. Results show a depen-
dence of the growth rate on the injection angle. A qualitative comparison
between the numerical results and experimental measurements in ASDEX
Upgrade is presented.An explanation for the differences is proposed.},
note = {48th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics
27 June - 1 July 2022},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Thomas Hayward-Schneider; Brando Rettino; Alberto Bottino; Philipp Lauber; Markus Weiland; Francesco Vannini; Alessandro Biancalani; Roman Hatzky; Zhixin Lu; Ben McMillan; Alexey Mishchenko; Laurent Villard; Xin Wang
Global electromagnetic gyrokinetic simulations of Energetic Particle driven instabilities in ITER Proceedings Article
Dans: Europhysics Conference Abstracts, O4.111, online, 2022, ISBN: 979-10-96389-16-2.
@inproceedings{hayward-schneider_2754,
title = {Global electromagnetic gyrokinetic simulations of Energetic Particle driven instabilities in ITER},
author = {Thomas Hayward-Schneider and Brando Rettino and Alberto Bottino and Philipp Lauber and Markus Weiland and Francesco Vannini and Alessandro Biancalani and Roman Hatzky and Zhixin Lu and Ben McMillan and Alexey Mishchenko and Laurent Villard and Xin Wang},
url = {http://ocs.ciemat.es/EPS2022PAP/html/author.html},
issn = {979-10-96389-16-2},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-01},
booktitle = {Europhysics Conference Abstracts, O4.111},
address = {online},
abstract = {Nonlinear global gyrokinetic treatment of electromagnetic instabilities proved almost impossible for a long time. This
work reports on how breakthroughs in global models has allowed results of energetic particle (EP) - Alfvénic instability
interactions, previously plagued by the difficulties of the multiscale nature of global modes in realistic plasma betas such
as kinetic effects and large ion/electron mass ratio.
A large challenge facing burning plasmas such as ITER will be how to deal with the large population of alpha particles
born from fusion reactions. Instabilities such as Alfvén Eigenmodes (AEs) may be driven unstable by 3.5 MeV alpha
particles. The amplitude of these perturbations must be predicted, to estimate if alpha particle transport and losses are
expected. Dedicated experiments [1] at ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) were performed with a scenario tailored to increase the
ratio of the EP to bulk plasma pressure to be closer to a burning plasma, a valuable resource for validating modelling
tools. In order to put AEs on the same footing as other perturbations, for example the EP-driven Geodesic Acoustic
Mode (EGAM) seen in the AUG experiments, or turbulence, our goal is to model everything in a consistent framework,
global electromagnetic gyrokinetics. Reduced models, such as MHD-kinetic hybrid models need higher fidelity results such
as these for validation. Recent work [2] has improved the ability of particle-in-cell codes to move to high beta, allowing
simulations of large scale global instabilities in realistic plasmas such as ITER [3], EP-turbulence interaction [4], and
high-? turbulence [5].
In this work, we present progress that has been made on modelling EP-driven AEs and other instabilities using the
gyrokinetic code ORB5 [6], first global nonlinear simulations of AUG scenarios with realistic EP distribution functions,
and modelling of two ITER scenarios: Q=10 15 MA baseline [7], Pre-fusion Power Operation (PFPO) [8]. For the AUG
scenario, we elaborate on the studied interaction of Alfvénic instabilities and EGAMs [9], reporting on the extension of
ORB5 by coupling with RABBIT [10] to consider realistic Neutral Beam (NBI) distribution functions. We compare the
EGAM growth for cases varying off-axis NBI beam angles. For the ITER 15MA Q=10 scenario, we show predictions that
thresholds to enhanced nonlinear alpha particle transport regimes may be within a factor of 2. By considering realistic
distribution function for the alpha particles, which is found to increase the drive, we report on predictions of AE growth
at nominal EP density with a realistic isotope mix. Finally, we report on the PFPO phase of ITER, a hydrogen plasma
with NBI EPs. We look at EP-driven low-n global AEs, medium-n localized AEs, and we also find that higher-n RSAEs
can be driven by the bulk plasma gradients even in the absence of EPs. For this case, also electromagnetic simulations of
microturbulence instabilities were performed, driven by the background plasma.
[1] Ph. Lauber et al. 27th IAEA FEC 2018 [2] A. Mishchenko et al. CPC 2019 [3] T. Hayward-Schneider et al. NF
2021 [4] A. Biancalani et al. PPCF 2021 [5] A. Mishchenko et al. PPCF 2021 [6] E. Lanti et al. CPC 2020 [7] A. Polevoi
et al. JPFRS 2002 [8] A. Polevoi et al. NF 2021 [9] F. Vannini et al. POP 2021 [10] M. Weiland et al. NF 2018},
note = {48th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics
27 June - 1 July 2022},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
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